Challenge in a Mathematics Classroom: Students' Motivation and Strategies in Project-Based Learning

Meyer, D.K., Turner J.C., & Spencer, C.A. (1997). Challenge in a mathematics classroom: Students' motivation and strategies in project-based learning. The Elementary School Journal, 97(5), 501-521.

The article looks at providing challenges in math instruction and how children respond to the opportunity. They mention "challenge seekers" and "challenge avoiders." They also talk about students' willingness to fail, or as they put it "failure tolerance."